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最常见的电子启动项目之一是简单闪烁/闪烁LED电路。
您可以在许多网站上找到对该项目和图表的引用。 我已经创建了一个简单的BOM（物料清单），您可以通过Digi-Key来建立这个电路。 下面是我使用Digi-Key的Scheme-it工具构建的简单原理图。 （使用9VDC电源或电池计算的值。） 说明 P / N QTY PNP晶体管 PN2907A-APCT-ND 数量2 电阻300欧姆 300QBK-ND 数量2 电阻100k欧姆 100KQBK-ND 数量2 第10章uF 732-8820-1-ND 数量2 LED C503B-GCN-CY0C0791-ND 数量2 这是一款包含上述组件的推车，让您随心所欲。 这个电路的一些注意事项。 更改电容值将改变LED闪烁的速度。 如果您更改此电路中的LED，则需要计算R2＆amp;的值。 R3。 如何计算正确的电阻。 如果你需要这里有一些在这个版本中使用的原型产品。 面包板1597-1268-ND 跳线BKWK-3-ND 9V电池P687-ND 9V电池引线36-232-ND 以上来自于谷歌翻译 以下为原文 One of the most common electronics starter projects is the Simple Blinking / Flashing LED Circuit. You can find references to this project and diagrams on many websites. I have created a simple BOM (Bill of Materials) that you can get here at Digi-Key to build this circuit. Below is a simple schematic I have built using Digi-Key’s Scheme-it tool. (Values calculated using a 9VDC power supply or battery.) [tr]DescP/NQTY[/tr]
Some notes for this circuit.If you need here are some of the prototype products used in this build. 
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我对这个电路有几个问题。
我希望有一个18-19.8伏的电源，而不是这个电路中的9伏电压。 我知道LED必须用R2和R3的更高电阻电阻保护，我知道如何计算电阻和功率。 我的问题是R1和R4怎么样。 如果电压增加到18-19.8伏，这些电阻的电阻值是否需要改变？ 如果是这样，您如何计算新的阻力值。 从零件清单看，大多数零件可以处理更高的电压。 是否还有其他部件需要更换以处理更高的电压？ 您提到如果更改电容器的值，闪烁频率将会改变。 有没有办法计算这个电路的闪烁频率？ 谢谢 以上来自于谷歌翻译 以下为原文 I have a couple of questions about this circuit. I would like to have a power source that is 18-19.8 volts, instead of the 9 volts in this circuit. I understand that the LEDs have to be protected with higher resistance resistors for R2 and R3 and I know how to calculate that resistance and the wattage as well. My question is what about R1 and R4. Do the resistance values of these resistors need to change if the voltage is increased to 18-19.8 volts? If so, how do you calculate the new resistance values. It would appear that from the parts list that most of the parts can handle the higher voltage. Is there any other parts that would have to be changed to handle the higher voltage? You mention that the flashing frequency will change if you change the values of the capacitors. Is there a way to calculate the flashing frequency of this circuit? Thank you |
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你好@JoeZastrow
您不需要更改电阻，但是您需要在电路上对新输入电压进行一些电流计算，以确保电阻器的额定值能够处理更高的电压降。 您可能还需要查看晶体管，因为我使用的晶体管具有非常低的最大功率。 至于计算闪烁频率，您需要计算电容器相对于您正在使用的晶体管上的开启/关闭电压的放电时间。 - 罗伯特· 以上来自于谷歌翻译 以下为原文 Hello @JoeZastrow You would not need to change the resistance, however you would need to do some current calculations on the circuit for your new input voltage to ensure the resistors are all rated to handle this higher voltage drops. You may also need to look at the transistors as the ones I am using have a very low max power. As far as calculating the flashing frequency you would need to calculate the discharge time of the capacitor in relation to the turn on / turn off voltages on the transistors that you are using. -Robert |
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LED闪烁灯也是MCU编程中最常见的启动项目。
它使用所有可能的原理图和算法在众多MCU上实现。 在Qoitech，我们将它作为AVR8，STM32的参考基准，仅举几例。 我相信它与纯硬件实现几乎相同：不同类型的多谐振荡器，振荡器，什么不是。 我感到好奇的是这种以及类似的纯硬件实现的能耗。 它可能比基于MCU的更少，因为LED切换之间没有定时器运行。 另一方面，仍然存在泄漏和其他类型的损失。 @Robert_Fay：你有没有机会记录这个或类似实施的当前消费？ 以上来自于谷歌翻译 以下为原文 LED blinker is the most common starter project in MCU programming as well. It is implemented on numerous MCUs using all possible schematics and algorithms. Here at Qoitech we have it as a reference benchmark for AVR8, STM32 to name just a few. I believe it’s almost the same with pure HW implementations: different types of multivibrators, oscillators, what not. What am I curious about is energy consumption of this and similar HW-only implementations. It could be less than for MCU-based because there’s no timer running between LED toggles. On the other hand there still are leakages and other types of loss. @Robert_Fay: have you ever had a chance to record current consumption for this or similar implementation? |
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@Yabusame我今天早上将上面的部分从上面的部分带到了实验室，在面包板上我在9V下运行4.9mA和5.1mA之间。
以上来自于谷歌翻译 以下为原文 @Yabusame I took the parts from the post above into the lab this morning and on the breadboard I was running between 4.9mA and 5.1mA at 9V. |
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谢谢！
听起来很神奇。 我检查了档案，看到对于带有ATmega324PB的Xplained Pro板，运行1.9 V电流消耗在500到900 uA之间（见截图）。 当然，这取决于LED。 对于仅HW的实现，电压也可能更低。 以上来自于谷歌翻译 以下为原文 Thanks! That sounds amazing. I checked the archives and see that for Xplained Pro board with ATmega324PB on it, running at 1.9 V current consumption is between 500 and 900 uA (see the screenshot). Of course, it depends on the LED. Voltage could be lower for HW-only implementation, too. |
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