[问答]

如何利用SPI接口读写16M字节FLASH芯片？

问答对人有帮助，内容完整，我也想知道答案 0 如何利用SPI接口读写16M字节FLASH芯片？ 0
2021-11-23 07:53:07　　评论淘帖0 邀请回答您可以邀请以下用户，快速回答问题 × heks 该类别下有 50 个回答。邀请回答 hgimtk 该类别下有 44 个回答。邀请回答新星之火12138 该类别下有 42 个回答。邀请回答 wang21cj 该类别下有 41 个回答。邀请回答 chm5 该类别下有 40 个回答。邀请回答 hjfjsdgfjdsf 该类别下有 37 个回答。邀请回答 werywer 该类别下有 35 个回答。邀请回答 h1654155957.9520 该类别下有 35 个回答。邀请回答 fdjslkjd 该类别下有 35 个回答。邀请回答 uvysdfydad 该类别下有 35 个回答。邀请回答 jenny042 该类别下有 34 个回答。邀请回答 dfzvzs 该类别下有 34 个回答。邀请回答维生素B2 该类别下有 34 个回答。邀请回答凤毛麟角该类别下有 34 个回答。邀请回答 ggfvxv 该类别下有 33 个回答。邀请回答刘洋该类别下有 33 个回答。邀请回答 meihuacg 该类别下有 33 个回答。邀请回答 hfgdzc 该类别下有 33 个回答。邀请回答 h1654155275.6678 该类别下有 32 个回答。邀请回答河南顺之航该类别下有 32 个回答。邀请回答举报殷谷光相关推荐 • 蜂鸟E203如何才能用16M以内的flash？ 113 • 请问MCP2515芯片的16M时钟是来自SPI的时钟吗？ 2181 • OMAPL138 16M SPI FLASH 启动问题 2044 • 求助数据存储器 FLASH程序存储器 FLASH数据存储器的区别 6699 • 如何利用STM32F1的SPI来实现对外部FLASH的读写呢 1228 • 用IDF4.4编译的时候，Flash设置最大支持到16M，在不改变IDF环境的前提下如何设置成32M? 155 • 用IDF4.4编译Flash设置最大支持到16M，没有32M的选项，在不改变IDF环境的前提下如何设置成32M? 223 • QSPI PK SPI读写速度？ 17200 • 怎么实现仿真SPI接口？ 3309 • SPI如何读写串行FLASH？ 807 1个回答

答案对人有帮助，有参考价值 0 实验目的本实验学习STM32的SPI接口的使用，利用SPI接口读写16M字节FLASH芯片W25Q128FVSSIG，将结果通过串口显示出来。SPI接口请参看数据手册第23章实验简介 SPI协议（Serial Peripheral Interface）,即串行外围设备接口，是一种高速的，全双工，同步的通信总线，并且在芯片的管脚只占用四根线，节约了芯片的管脚，同时为PCB的布局上节省空间，提供方便，正是出于这种简单易用的特性，现在越来越多的芯片集成了这种通信协议。 SPI接口包含4条总线，分别是SCK，MISO，MOSI，和CS，作用如下： SCK：时钟信号线，由主设备产生输出给从设备。 MISO: 主设备数据输入，从设备数据输出。 MOSI：主设备数据输出，从设备数据输入。 CS ：从设备片选信号线，由主设备控制。 SPI根据时钟极性（CPOL）和时钟相位（CPHA）的不同分为4种模式，分别为CPOL=0 CPHA = 0,CPOL=0 CPHA = 1,CPOL = 1 CPHA = 0 和 CPOL = 1， CPOL = 1，这四种模式。时序图如下：电路设计星光STM32F103开发板采用的SPI FLASH为W25Q128FVSSIG芯片，容量16M字节，连接到STM32的SPI1，电路图如下所示：由于和JTAG共用部分IO，程序设计时需要关闭JTAG功能，可通过串口下载其他程序，擦除芯片中的设置，恢复JTAG功能。代码 main.c #include "MyIncludes.h" u16 sys_cnt = 0; //systick中断服务函数，1ms中断 void systick_isr(void) { if(sys_cnt < 1000) sys_cnt++; else { sys_cnt = 0; HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_4\|GPIO_PIN_5); } } u32 w25_id; //25ID u8 writeBuffer1[256]; //写缓存区数组 u8 readBuffer1[256]; //读缓存区数组 u8 statusl; //貌似没用这个 int main() { u32 j; System_Init(); LED_Init(); SysTick_Init(systick_isr); USART1_Init(115200,NULL,NULL); W25_Flash_Init(); //Flash初始化 w25_id = W25_Flash_ReadJedecID(); //读取芯片JedecID if(w25_id != 0xEF4018) return 0; w25_id = W25_Flash_ReadID(); if(w25_id != 0xEF17) return 0; for(j=0; j < sizeof(writeBuffer1);j++) { writeBuffer1[j] = j; } //扇形测试 W25_FLASH_Erase(W25X_FLASH_ERASE_SECTOR,0); W25X_Flash_PageProgram(0,writeBuffer1,sizeof(writeBuffer1)); W25_Flash_Read(0,readBuffer1,sizeof(readBuffer1)); if(strncmp((char )writeBuffer1,(char )readBuffer1,256) != 0) { goto ERROR; } W25_FLASH_Erase(W25X_FLASH_ERASE_SECTOR,0); W25_Flash_Read(0,readBuffer1,sizeof(readBuffer1)); for(j=0; j { if(readBuffer1[j] != 0xff) goto ERROR; } //32K块测试 W25_FLASH_Erase(W25X_FLASH_ERASE_BLOCK_32K,0); W25X_Flash_PageProgram(44096,writeBuffer1,sizeof(writeBuffer1)); W25_Flash_FastRead(44096,readBuffer1,sizeof(readBuffer1)); if(strncmp((char )writeBuffer1,(char )readBuffer1,256) !=0 ) { goto ERROR; } W25_FLASH_Erase(W25X_FLASH_ERASE_BLOCK_32K,0); W25_Flash_FastRead(44096,readBuffer1,sizeof(readBuffer1)); for(j=0;j { if(readBuffer1[j] != 0xff) goto ERROR; } //64K块测试 W25_FLASH_Erase(W25X_FLASH_ERASE_BLOCK_64K,0); W25X_Flash_PageProgram(94096,writeBuffer1,sizeof(writeBuffer1)); W25_Flash_FastRead(94096,readBuffer1,sizeof(readBuffer1)); if(strncmp((char )writeBuffer1,(char )readBuffer1,256)!=0) { goto ERROR; } W25_FLASH_Erase(W25X_FLASH_ERASE_BLOCK_64K,0); W25_Flash_FastRead(94096,readBuffer1,sizeof(readBuffer1)); for(j=0; j { if(readBuffer1[j] != 0xff) goto ERROR; } goto OK; ERROR: printf("W25Q128 SPI ReadWrite ERROR!!!rn"); goto EXIT; OK: printf("W25Q128 SPI ReadWrite OK!!!rn"); EXIT: while(1) { } } } w25xx_SPI.h #include "stm32f1xx.h" #include "stm32_types.h" #include "stm32f1xx_hal.h" #define W25_FLASH_SIZE (1024102416) #define W25X10 0xEF10 #define W25Q20 0xEF11 #define W25Q40 0xEF12 #define W25Q80 0xEF13 #define W25Q16 0xEF14 #define W25Q32 0xEF15 #define W25Q64 0xEF16 #define W25Q128 0xEF17 extern u16 SPI_FLASH_TYPE; #define W25X_FLASH_ERASE_CHIP 0 #define W25X_FLASH_ERASE_SECTOR 1 #define W25X_FLASH_ERASE_BLOCK_32K 2 #define W25X_FLASH_ERASE_BLOCK_64K 3 #define W25X_FLASH_READ_STATUSREG1 0 #define W25X_FLASH_READ_STATUSREG2 1 #define W25X_FLASH_READ_STATUSREG3 2 #define W25X_WriteEnable 0x06 #define W25X_WriteDisable 0x04 #define W25X_ReadStatusReg 0x05 #define W25X_WriteStatusReg 0x01 #define W25X_ReadData 0x03 #define W25X_FastReadData 0x0B #define W25X_FastReadDua1 0x3B #define W25X_PageProgram 0x02 #define W25X_32K_BlockErase 0x52 #define W25X_64K_BlockErase 0xD8 #define W25X_SectorErase 0xD8 #define W25X_ChipErase 0xc7 #define W25X_PowerDown 0xB9 #define W25X_ReleasePowerDown 0xAB #define W25X_DeviceID 0xAB #define W25X_ManufactDeviceID 0x90 #define W25X_JedecDeviceID 0x9f #define W25XFLASH_REG_BIT_BUSY (1<<0) #define W25XFLASH_REG_BIT_WEL (1<<1) #define W25XFLASH_REG_BIT_BPX (0x7<<2) #define W25XFLASH_REG_BIT_TB (1<<5) #define W25XFLASH_REG_BIT_SRP (1<<7) void W25_Flash_Init(void); u8 W25_Flash_ReadSR(void); void W25_FLASH_Write_SR(u8 sr); u16 W25_Flash_ReadID(void); u32 W25_Flash_ReadJedecID(void); void W25_Flash_Read(u32 ReadAddr,u8* pBuffer,u32 NumByteToRead); void W25_Flash_FastRead(u32 ReadAddr, u8* pBuff,u32 NumByteToRead); void W25X_Flash_PageProgram(u32 WriteAddr,u8* pBuffer,u16 NumByteToWrite); void W25_FLASH_Erase(u8 Type,u32 EraseAddr); void W25_Flash_Write_NoCheck(u32 WriteAddr,u8* pBuffer,u16 NumByteToWrite); void W25_Flash_Write(u32 WriteAddr, u8* pBuffer,u16 NumByteToWrite); w25xx_SPI.c #include "w25xx_SPI.h" #include "spi.h" #include #include SPI_HandleTypeDef W25_Handle; //SPI句柄结构变量声明 void W25_Flash_Init() //Flash初始化 { SPIx_Init(&W25_Handle); //初始化SPI接口 } u8 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(u8 TxData) //Flash读写接口函数（写入的数据） { return SPI_ReadWriteByte(&W25_Handle,TxData); //读写一个字节的数据 } u8 W25_Flash_ReadSR(void) { u8 byte = 0 ; W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //使能 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ReadStatusReg); //发送读取状态寄存器命令（0x05） byte = W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); //读取一个字节 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //取消是能 return byte; } //没用到 void W25_FLASH_Write_SR(u8 sr) { W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //使能器件 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_WriteStatusReg); //发送写取状态寄存器命令（0x01） W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(sr); //写入一个字节 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //取消片选 } void W25_FLASH_Write_Enable(void) { W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //使能器件 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_WriteEnable); //发送写取状态寄存器命令 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //取消选中的FLASH } //没用到 void W25_FLASH_Write_Disable(void) { W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //使能器件 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_WriteDisable); //发送写禁止指令（0x04） W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //取消使能 } u16 W25_Flash_ReadID(void) { u16 Temp = 0; W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //选中FLASH W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ManufactDeviceID); //发送读取ID命令（0x90）； W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0x00); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0x00); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0x00); //发送24位地址 Temp \|= W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0xFF)<<8; Temp \|= W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); //返回16位地址 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //取消选中FLash return Temp; } u32 W25_Flash_ReadJedecID(void) //读取芯片JedecID { u32 Temp = 0; W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //选中FLASH W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_JedecDeviceID);//发送读取ID命令（0x9f） Temp \|= W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0xFF)<<16; Temp \|= W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0xFF)<<8; Temp \|= W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); //读取24位数据（刚开始8位左移16或上 8位移动 //8 再或上 8位） //取反、bai左移、按位与、按位异或、du按位或） //优先级由zhi高到低的顺序排列为取反 > 左移 //> 按位与 > 按位异或dao > 按位或。 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //取消选中FLASH return Temp; } void W25_Flash_Read(u32 ReadAddr,u8* pBuffer,u32 NumByteToRead) { u16 i; W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //使能器件 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ReadData); //发送读命令 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte((u8)((ReadAddr) >> 16)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte((u8)((ReadAddr)>>8)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte((u8)ReadAddr); //发送要读取的32位地址 for(i=0;i { pBuffer = W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0xff); //循环读数 } W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //禁止 while((W25_Flash_ReadSR()&W25XFLASH_REG_BIT_BUSY) ==0x01 ); //如果器件忙，等待 } void W25_Flash_FastRead(u32 ReadAddr,u8* pBuffer,u32 NumByteToRead) { u16 i; W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //使能 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_FastReadData); //发送高速读命令0x0b，3字节地址（0x0b） W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((ReadAddr)>>16)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((ReadAddr)>>8)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(ReadAddr); //发送32bit地址 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); //产生8个空闲时钟周期脉冲 for(i=0;i { pBuffer = W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); //循环度数 } W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); while(W25_Flash_ReadSR()&W25XFLASH_REG_BIT_BUSY);//器件忙等待 } void W25X_Flash_PageProgram(u32 WriteAddr,u8* pBuffer,u16 NumByteToWrite) //页编程（写入的地址，写数据存储的缓存区，写入的值的长度） { u32 i; W25_FLASH_Write_Enable(); //发送写使能命令 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //发送低速读写命令0xAD，3字节地址，写入的字节 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_PageProgram); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((WriteAddr)>>16)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((WriteAddr)>>8)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(WriteAddr); //一共发送32bit地址 for(i=0; i //发送其他字节 { W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(pBuffer); //编程 } W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //取消 while(W25_Flash_ReadSR()&W25XFLASH_REG_BIT_BUSY);//如果器件忙，等待 } void W25_FLASH_Erase(u8 Type,u32 EraseAddr) //FLASH的擦除操作（擦除类型，擦除首地址） { W25_FLASH_Write_Enable(); //发送写使能命令 switch(Type) { case W25X_FLASH_ERASE_CHIP: //整片擦除 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //选中使能FLASH W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ChipErase); //发送擦除整片命令（0xc7） W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //取消选中flash break; case W25X_FLASH_ERASE_SECTOR: //4K扇区擦除 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //使能 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_SectorErase); //发送4K扇区擦除命令(0xd8) W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((EraseAddr)>>16)); //擦除前16位 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((EraseAddr)>>8)); //擦除前8位 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(EraseAddr); //擦除完 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); //取消 break; case W25X_FLASH_ERASE_BLOCK_32K: //32K块擦除 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); //使能 W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_32K_BlockErase); //发送擦除命令（0x52） W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((EraseAddr)>>16)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((EraseAddr)>>8)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(EraseAddr); W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); break; case W25X_FLASH_ERASE_BLOCK_64K: //64K块擦除 W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL(); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(W25X_64K_BlockErase); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((EraseAddr)>>16)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(((EraseAddr)>>8)); W25_Flash_ReadWriteByte(EraseAddr); W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH(); break; default:break; } while(W25_Flash_ReadSR()&W25XFLASH_REG_BIT_BUSY);//如果器件忙等待 } //未用到 void W25_Flash_Write_NoCheck(u32 WriteAddr, u8* pBuffer, u16 NumByteToWrite) //无检验写SPI 在指定的位置开始写入指定长度数据 { u16 pageremain; pageremain = 256-WriteAddr%256; //单页剩余数字 if(NumByteToWrite <= pageremain) pageremain = NumByteToWrite; //不大于256字节 while(1) { W25X_Flash_PageProgram (WriteAddr,pBuffer,pageremain); if(NumByteToWrite==pageremain) break; //写入结束 else//NumByteToWrite>pageremain { pBuffer+=pageremain; WriteAddr+=pageremain; NumByteToWrite-=pageremain; //减去已经写入了的字节数 if(NumByteToWrite>256) pageremain = 256; //一次可以写入256个字节 else pageremain=NumByteToWrite; //不够256个字节 } }; } //没用到 u8 W25SPI_FLASH_BUFFER[4096]; void W25_Flash_Write(u32 WriteAddr,u8* pBuffer,u16 NumByteToWrite) //写SPI FLASH，在指定地址开始写入指定长度的数据 { u32 secpos; //扇区地址 u16 secoff; //扇区内偏移 u16 secremain; //扇区剩余空间 u16 i; u8 * SPI_FLASH_BUF; SPI_FLASH_BUF = W25SPI_FLASH_BUFFER; //可以通过申请内存的方式实现 secpos = WriteAddr/4096; //扇区地址 secpos = WriteAddr%4096; //扇区内的偏移 secremain = 4096-secoff; //扇区内剩余空间的大小 if(NumByteToWrite <= secremain) secremain = NumByteToWrite; //不大于4096个字节 while(1) { W25_Flash_FastRead(secpos4096,SPI_FLASH_BUF,4096);//读出整个扇区的内容 for(i=0;i //校验数据 { if(SPI_FLASH_BUF[secoff+i] != 0XFF) break; //需要擦除 } if(i { W25_FLASH_Erase(W25X_FLASH_ERASE_SECTOR,secpos4096);//擦除这个扇区 for(i=1;i //复制 { SPI_FLASH_BUF[i+secoff]=pBuffer; } W25_Flash_Write_NoCheck(secpos4096,SPI_FLASH_BUF,4096);//写入整个扇区 } else { W25_Flash_Write_NoCheck(WriteAddr,pBuffer,secremain);//写已经擦除了的，直接写入扇区剩余区间 } if(NumByteToWrite == secremain) { break;//写入结束了 } else //写入未结束 { secpos++; //扇区地址增1 secoff=0; //偏移位置为0 pBuffer+=secremain; //指针偏移 WriteAddr+=secremain; //写地址偏移 NumByteToWrite-=secremain; //字节数递减 if(NumByteToWrite>4096) secremain = 4096; //下一个扇区还是写不完 else secremain=NumByteToWrite; //下一个扇区可以写完 } } } spi.h #include "stm32f1xx.h" #include "stm32_types.h" #include "stm32f1xx_hal.h" #define FLASH_SPIx SPI1 #define FLASH_SPIx_RCC_CLK_ENABLE() __HAL_RCC_SPI1_CLK_ENABLE() //SPI1时钟使能 #define FLASH_SPIx_RCC_CLK_DISABLE() __HAL_RCC_SPI1_CLK_DISABLE() //SPI时钟禁能 #define FLASH_SPI_GPIO_ClK_ENABLE() __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE() //GPIO时钟使能 #define FLASH_SPI_GPIO_PORT GPIOB #define FLASH_SPI_SCK_PIN GPIO_PIN_3 //SCK引脚 PB3 #define FLASH_SPI_MISO_PIN GPIO_PIN_4 //MISO引脚 PB4 #define FLASH_SPI_MOSI_PIN GPIO_PIN_5 //MOSI引脚 PB5 #define SPI_CS_PIN GPIO_PIN_3 //cs引脚 #define SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT GPIOD #define SPI_CS_CLK_ENABLE() //CS引脚使能 __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE() #define W25_SPI_FLASH_CSH() HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT,SPI_CS_PIN,GPIO_PIN_SET) //选中FLASH #define W25_SPI_FLASH_CSL() HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT,SPI_CS_PIN,GPIO_PIN_RESET) //取消选中FLASH void SPIx_Init(SPI_HandleTypeDef spi_handle); //SPI接口初始化 void SPI_WriteReadData(SPI_HandleTypeDef spi_handle,const uint8_t DataIn,uint8_t DataOut,uint16_t DataLegnth); //SPI读写一组字节数据（SPI句柄，待写入的数据，读到的数据，写入数据的长度） uint8_t SPI_ReadWriteByte(SPI_HandleTypeDef spi_handle,uint8_t Value); //SPI读写一个字节数据（SPI句柄，待写入的值）实验现象

2021-11-23 09:26:11 评论举报李艳