【FireBeetle 2 ESP32-S3开发板体验】官方Arduino例程学习

http://192.168.0.102

官方Arduino例程学习

在DFrobot的官方网站上，提供了很多Arduino的演示例程，可以帮助我们快速使用这块开发板来时实现各种应用。本文对官方的例程进行演示。

1.1 PWM例程演示

图片.png

查看板卡的IO引脚分布可以看出，开发板上的LED引脚和LCD的背光控制引脚是连接在一起的。硬件连接如图所示。
图片.png

参考官方的指南，在Ardinuo中编写以下代码，即可通过PWM波的方式实现呼吸灯的效果，由于LED与LCD的背光控制引脚是连接在一起的，所以LCD屏幕的亮度也会随着变化。

/*
 * LED呼吸灯示例
 */
const int ledPin = 21;  // PWM生成后实际输出引脚

//设置PWM参数
const int freq = 10000;//PWM频率
const int ledChannel = 0;//信号生成GPIO
const int resolution = 8;//8位分辨率

void setup(){
  //PWM参数设置
  ledcSetup(ledChannel, freq, resolution);

  //将生成信号通道绑定到输出通道上
  ledcAttachPin(ledPin, ledChannel);
}

void loop(){
  //逐渐变亮
  for(int dutyCycle = 0; dutyCycle <= 255; dutyCycle++){   
    // changing the LED brightness with PWM
    ledcWrite(ledChannel, dutyCycle);
    delay(15);
  }

  //逐渐变暗
  for(int dutyCycle = 255; dutyCycle >= 0; dutyCycle--){
    // changing the LED brightness with PWM
    ledcWrite(ledChannel, dutyCycle);   
    delay(15);
  }
}

1.2 GDI屏幕驱动例程

屏幕上提供了GDI的屏幕驱动接口，可以通过18pin-FPC线连接屏幕，更加方便地使用屏幕，这里使用同为DFrobot出品地2.8" 320x240 TFT电阻触摸显示屏来演示开发板驱动屏幕程序。

首先需要安装DFRobot_GDL库文件，将下载好的屏幕驱动库放置到Arduino IDE的库文件目录中，\Arduino15\libraries\DFRobot_GDL。
图片.png

参考官方提供例程，代码与相关的注释如下

#include "DFRobot_GDL.h"

#define TFT_DC  3
#define TFT_CS  18
#define TFT_RST 38

//根据自己的屏幕型号，初始化不同的屏幕驱动实例
DFRobot_ILI9341_240x320_HW_SPI screen(/*dc=*/TFT_DC,/*cs=*/TFT_CS,/*rst=*/TFT_RST);
/* M0 mainboard DMA transfer */
//DFRobot_ST7735_128x160_DMA_SPI screen(/*dc=*/TFT_DC,/*cs=*/TFT_CS,/*rst=*/TFT_RST);


void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  screen.begin();
}

void loop(){
    testLine();
    testFastLines(COLOR_RGB565_PURPLE,COLOR_RGB565_YELLOW);       
    testRects(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK,COLOR_RGB565_WHITE);
    testRoundRects();
    testCircles(24,COLOR_RGB565_BLUE);
    testTriangles(COLOR_RGB565_YELLOW);
    testPrint();
}


void testLine(){
  uint16_t color = 0x00FF;
  screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);
  for (int16_t x=0; x < screen.width(); x+=6) {
    screen.drawLine(/*x0=*/screen.width()/*Screen width*//2, /*y0=*/screen.height()/*Screen height*//2, /*x1=*/x, /*y1=*/0, /*c=*/color+=0x0700);
  }
  for (int16_t y=0; y < screen.height(); y+=6) {
    screen.drawLine(screen.width()/2, screen.height()/2, screen.width(), y, color+=0x0700);
  }

  for (int16_t x = screen.width(); x >= 0; x-=6) {
    screen.drawLine(screen.width()/2, screen.height()/2, x,screen.height(), color+=0x0700);
  }

  for (int16_t y = screen.height(); y >= 0; y-=6) {
    screen.drawLine(screen.width()/2, screen.height()/2, 0, y, color+=0x0700);
  }
}

void testFastLines(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2) {
  for (int16_t y=0; y < screen.height(); y+=4) {
    screen.drawFastHLine(/*x=*/0, /*y=*/y, /*w=*/screen.width(),/*c=*/color2);
    delay(10);
  }

  for(int16_t x=0; x < screen.width(); x+=3) {
    screen.drawFastVLine(/*x=*/x, /*y=*/0, /*h=*/screen.height(), /*c=*/color1);
    delay(10);
  }
}

void testRects(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2) { 
    screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);
    int16_t x=screen.width()-12;
    for (; x > 100; x-=screen.width()/40) {
      screen.drawRect(/*x=*/screen.width()/2 -x/2, /*y=*/screen.height()/2 -x/2 , /*w=*/x, /*h=*/x, /*color=*/color2+=0x0F00);
      delay(100);
    }

    screen.fillRect(/*x=*/screen.width()/2 -x/2, /*y=*/screen.height()/2 -x/2 , /*w=*/x, /*h=*/x, /*color=*/color2);
    delay(100);
    for(; x > 6; x-=screen.width()/40){
      screen.drawRect(screen.width()/2 -x/2, screen.height()/2 -x/2 , x, x, color1);
      delay(100);
    }
}

void testRoundRects() {
  screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);
  int color = 0xF00F;
  int i;
  int x = 0;
  int y = 0;
  int w = screen.width()-3;
  int h = screen.height()-3;
  for(i = 0 ; i <= 10; i+=2) {
    screen.drawRoundRect(/*x0=*/x, /*y0=*/y, /*w=*/w, /*h=*/h, /*radius=*/20, /*color=*/color);
    x+=5;
    y+=5;
    w-=10;
    h-=10;
    color+=0x0100;
    delay(50);
  }
  for(i = 0 ; i <= 10; i+=2) {
    screen.fillRoundRect(/*x0=*/x, /*y0=*/y, /*w=*/w, /*h=*/h, /*radius=*/10, /*color=*/color);
    x+=5;
    y+=5;
    w-=10;
    h-=10;
    color+=0x0500;
    delay(50);
  }
}

void testCircles(uint8_t radius, uint16_t color) {
  screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);
  for (int16_t x=radius; x <=screen.width()-radius; x+=radius*2) {
    for (int16_t y=radius; y <=screen.height()-radius; y+=radius*2) {
      screen.drawCircle(/*x0=*/x, /*y0=*/y, /*r=*/radius, /*color=*/color);
        if(x == y ||x == -y ||x == y + 2*radius)
          screen.fillCircle(/*x0=*/x, /*y0=*/y, /*r=*/radius, /*color=*/color);
       color += 800;
       delay(100);
    }
  }
}

void testTriangles(uint16_t color){
  screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);

  for (int16_t i=0; i <=screen.width(); i+=24)
    screen.drawTriangle(/*x0=*/i,/*y0=*/0,/*x1=*/0,/*y1=*/screen.height()-i,/*x2=*/screen.width()-i,/*y2=*/screen.height(), /*color=*/color);

  for (int16_t i=0; i <screen.width(); i+=24)
    screen.drawTriangle(screen.width(),i*4/3,0,screen.height()-i*4/3,i,0, color);

  for (int16_t i=0; i <screen.width(); i+=24)
    screen.drawTriangle(screen.width(),i*4/3,i,0,screen.width()-i,screen.height(), color);

  color = COLOR_RGB565_RED;
  for (int16_t i=0; i <=screen.width(); i+=24)
    screen.fillTriangle(/*x0=*/i,/*y0=*/0,/*x1=*/0,/*y1=*/screen.height()-i,/*x2=*/screen.width()-i,/*y2=*/screen.height(), /*color=*/color+=100);

  for (int16_t i=0; i <screen.width(); i+=24)
    screen.fillTriangle(screen.width(),i*4/3,0,screen.height()-i*4/3,i,0, color+=100);

  for (int16_t i=0; i <screen.width(); i+=24)
    screen.fillTriangle(screen.width(),i*4/3,i,0,screen.width()-i,screen.height(), color+=100);
}

void testPrint() {
  int16_t color = 0x00FF;
  screen.setTextWrap(false);
  screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);
  screen.setCursor(0, 50);
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x3000);
  screen.setTextSize(0);
  screen.println("Hello World!");
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x3000);
  screen.setTextSize(1);
  screen.println("Hello World!");
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x3000);
  screen.setTextSize(2);
  screen.println("Hello World!");
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x3000);
  screen.setTextSize(3);
  screen.println("Hello World!");
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x3000);
  screen.setTextSize(4);
  screen.println("Hello!"); 
  screen.setTextSize(5);
  screen.print("Hello!");
  delay(2000);
  screen.setCursor(0, 0);
  screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);
  screen.setTextSize(2);
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x3000);
  screen.print("a = ");
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x3000);
  int a = 1234;
  screen.println(a, 1);
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x3000);
  screen.print(8675309, HEX);
  screen.println("this is HEX!");
  screen.println("");
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x0F00);
  screen.println("running for: ");
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x0F00);
  screen.print(millis());
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x0F00);
  screen.println("/1000 seconds.");
  char text[] = "Hi DFRobot!";
  screen.setTextColor(color+=0x0F00);
  screen.setTextWrap(true);
  screen.setTextSize(3);
  screen.println(text);
  //screen.setFonts((const gdl_Font_t *)SIMKAIFont18ptBitmaps);
  screen.println(text);
  delay(2000);
}

运行额效果如文末视频所示。

1.3 Wifi获取网络时间

由于ESP32-S3自带了Wifi功能，这样我们就可以使用其Wifi功能连接互联网，从而实现查询网络时间的功能。在官方提供例程的基础上，修改ntp服务器为能够访问的阿里云网络时间服务器。演示代码如下。

#include <WiFi.h>

const char *ssid = "HOST_BWG";    //WIFI名称
const char *password = "Xdy_China_Mobile"; //WIFI密码

const char *ntpServer = "ntp.aliyun.com";
const long gmtOffset_sec = 8 * 3600;
const int daylightOffset_sec = 0;

void printLocalTime()
{
    struct tm timeinfo;
    if (!getLocalTime(&timeinfo))
    {
        Serial.println("Failed to obtain time");
        return;
    }
    Serial.println(&timeinfo, "%F %T %A"); // 格式化输出
}

void setup()
{
    Serial.begin(115200);
    Serial.println();

    WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
    while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)
    {
        delay(500);
        Serial.print(".");
    }
    Serial.println("WiFi connected!");

    // 从网络时间服务器上获取并设置时间
    // 获取成功后芯片会使用RTC时钟保持时间的更新
    configTime(gmtOffset_sec, daylightOffset_sec, ntpServer);
    printLocalTime();

    WiFi.disconnect(true);
    WiFi.mode(WIFI_OFF);
    Serial.println("WiFi disconnected!");
}

void loop()
{
    delay(1000);
    printLocalTime();
}

演示效果如图所示。
图片.png

1.4 摄像头使用

开发板上的摄像头的供电由AXP313电源控制芯片控制，所以在使用前需要安装AXP313的驱动库，与屏幕驱动库的安装方法一致，将驱动库文件放置到Arduino的安装路径下的库文件夹下\Arduino15\libraries\DFRobot_AXP313A。
图片.png

在arduino IDE中选择File->Examples->ESP32->Camera->CameraWebServer示例.

根据自己的Wifi配置信息修改工程中相应的Wifi账号密码，主程序的相关源码如下所示：

#include "esp_camera.h"
#include <WiFi.h>

//
// WARNING!!! PSRAM IC required for UXGA resolution and high JPEG quality
//            Ensure ESP32 Wrover Module or other board with PSRAM is selected
//            Partial images will be transmitted if image exceeds buffer size
//
//            You must select partition scheme from the board menu that has at least 3MB APP space.
//            Face Recognition is DISABLED for ESP32 and ESP32-S2, because it takes up from 15 
//            seconds to process single frame. Face Detection is ENABLED if PSRAM is enabled as well

// ===================
// Select camera model
// ===================
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM     -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM    -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM     45
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM     1
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM     2

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM       48
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM       46
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM       8
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM       7
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM       4
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM       41
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM       40
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM       39
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM    6
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM     42
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM     5

#include "DFRobot_AXP313A.h"

DFRobot_AXP313A axp;

// ===========================
// Enter your WiFi credentials
// ===========================
const char* ssid = "自己的Wifi账号";
const char* password = "自己的Wifi密码";

void startCameraServer();

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.setDebugOutput(true);
  Serial.println();
  while(axp.begin() != 0){
    Serial.println("init error");
    delay(1000);
  }
  axp.enableCameraPower(axp.eOV2640);//设置摄像头供电
  camera_config_t config;
  config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
  config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
  config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
  config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;
  config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA;
  config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG; // for streaming
  //config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_RGB565; // for face detection/recognition
  config.grab_mode = CAMERA_GRAB_WHEN_EMPTY;
  config.fb_location = CAMERA_FB_IN_PSRAM;
  config.jpeg_quality = 12;
  config.fb_count = 1;

  // if PSRAM IC present, init with UXGA resolution and higher JPEG quality
  //                      for larger pre-allocated frame buffer.
  if(config.pixel_format == PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
    if(psramFound()){
      config.jpeg_quality = 10;
      config.fb_count = 2;
      config.grab_mode = CAMERA_GRAB_LATEST;
    } else {
      // Limit the frame size when PSRAM is not available
      config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;
      config.fb_location = CAMERA_FB_IN_DRAM;
    }
  } else {
    // Best option for face detection/recognition
    config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_240X240;
#if CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3
    config.fb_count = 2;
#endif
  }

#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE)
  pinMode(13, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(14, INPUT_PULLUP);
#endif

  // camera init
  esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
  if (err != ESP_OK) {
    Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
    return;
  }

  sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
  // initial sensors are flipped vertically and colors are a bit saturated
  if (s->id.PID == OV3660_PID) {
    s->set_vflip(s, 1); // flip it back
    s->set_brightness(s, 1); // up the brightness just a bit
    s->set_saturation(s, -2); // lower the saturation
  }
  // drop down frame size for higher initial frame rate
  if(config.pixel_format == PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
    s->set_framesize(s, FRAMESIZE_QVGA);
  }

#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WIDE) || defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_ESP32CAM)
  s->set_vflip(s, 1);
  s->set_hmirror(s, 1);
#endif

#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP32S3_EYE)
  s->set_vflip(s, 1);
#endif

  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  WiFi.setSleep(false);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");

  startCameraServer();

  Serial.print("Camera Ready! Use 'http://");
  Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
  Serial.println("' to connect");
}

void loop() {
  // Do nothing. Everything is done in another task by the web server
  delay(10000);
}