【WRTnode2R试用体验】WRTnode2R 之 firmware 分区管理

在 wrtnode2r 系统中，可以查看 /proc/mtd ，查看flash的分区情况
root@OpenWrt:/# cat /proc/mtd
dev: size erasesize name
mtd0: 00030000 00010000 "u-boot"
mtd1: 00010000 00010000 "u-boot-env"
mtd2: 00010000 00010000 "factory"
mtd3: 01fb0000 00010000 "firmware"
mtd4: 001172c6 00010000 "kernel"
mtd5: 01e98d3a 00010000 "rootfs"
mtd6: 01c20000 00010000 "rootfs_data"



如果要备份的分区比较大，可以把固件备份到 内存挂载点 tmp 目录下，使用 df -h命令查看挂载情况
root@OpenWrt:/# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on
rootfs 28.1M 3.3M 24.8M 12% /
/dev/root 2.5M 2.5M 0 100% /rom
tmpfs 125.2M 76.0K 125.1M 0% /tmp
/dev/mtdblock6 28.1M 3.3M 24.8M 12% /overlay
overlayfs:/overlay 28.1M 3.3M 24.8M 12% /
tmpfs 512.0K 0 512.0K 0% /dev


有125.2 M,足够保存整个 flash 的所有文件。

so, here we go:
1、把 Flash 的所有 mtd 分区（mtd0）（复制到内存的/tmp下，
root@OpenWrt:/mnt/cgi-bin# dd if=/dev/mtd0 of=/tmp/sysupgrade_.bin
64896+0 records in
64896+0 records out
root@OpenWrt:/#



到 /tmp目录查看，可以看到已经复制到tmp目录下~

2. 同理，要把 固件的art 分区保存起来，则输入：
root@OpenWrt:/# dd if=/dev/mtd2 of=/tmp/art.bin
128+0 records in
128+0 records out
到 /tmp目录查看，可以看到已经复制到tmp目录下~


3.保存备份，推荐使用tftp，不过需要你的wrtnode2r 有安装tftp
root@OpenWrt:/mnt/cgi-bin# tftp -pl /tmp/sysupgrade.bin remote_ip



4. man dd
root@OpenWrt:/mnt/cgi-bin# man dd
DD(1) User Commands DD(1)
NAME
dd - convert and copy a file

SYNOPSIS
dd [OPERAND]...
dd OPtiON

DESCRIPTION
Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.

bs=BYTES
read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time

cbs=BYTES
convert BYTES bytes at a time

conv=CONVS
convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list

count=N
copy only N input blocks

ibs=BYTES
read up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)

if=FILE
read from FILE instead of stdin

iflag=FLAGS
read as per the comma separated symbol list

obs=BYTES
write BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)

of=FILE
write to FILE instead of stdout

oflag=FLAGS
write as per the comma separated symbol list

seek=N skip N obs-sized blocks at start of output

skip=N skip N ibs-sized blocks at start of input

status=WHICH
WHICH info to suppress outputting to stderr; 'noxfer' suppresses transfer stats, 'none' suppresses all

N and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes: c =1, w =2, b =512, kB =1000, K =1024, MB =1000*1000, M =1024*1024, xM
=M GB =1000*1000*1000, G =1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y.

Each CONV symbol may be:

ascii from EBCDIC to ASCII

ebcdic from ASCII to EBCDIC

ibm from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC

block pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size

unblock
replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline

lcase change upper case to lower case

ucase change lower case to upper case

sparse try to seek rather than write the output for NUL input blocks

swab swap every pair of input bytes

sync pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs

excl fail if the output file already exists

nocreat
do not create the output file

notrunc
do not truncate the output file

noerror
continue after read errors

fdatasync
physically write output file data before finishing

fsync likewise, but also write metadata

Each FLAG symbol may be:

append append mode (makes sense only for output; conv=notrunc suggested)

direct use direct I/O for data

directory
fail unless a directory

dsync use synchronized I/O for data

sync likewise, but also for metadata

fullblock
accumulate full blocks of input (iflag only)

nonblock
use non-blocking I/O

noatime
do not update access time

nocache
discard cached data

noctty do not assign controlling terminal from file

nofollow
do not follow symlinks

count_bytes
treat 'count=N' as a byte count (iflag only)

skip_bytes
treat 'skip=N' as a byte count (iflag only)

seek_bytes
treat 'seek=N' as a byte count (oflag only)

Sending a USR1 signal to a running 'dd' process makes it print I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null& pid=$!
$ kill -USR1 $pid; sleep 1; kill $pid

18335302+0 records in 18335302+0 records out 9387674624 bytes (9.4 GB) copied, 34.6279 seconds, 271 MB/s

Options are:

--help display this help and exit

--version
output version information and exit

AUTHOR
Written by Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, and Stuart Kemp.

REPORTING BUGS
Report dd bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
GNU coreutils home page: < http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: < http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Report dd translation bugs to < http://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later < http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
The full documentation for dd is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and dd programs are properly installed at your site, the com‐
mand

info coreutils 'dd invocation'

should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.21 March 2014 DD(1)
Manual page dd(1) line 134/170 (END) (press h for help or q to quit)