离网电力电子解决方案，太阳能供电的应用

　　离网电力电子解决方案，太阳能供电的应用

　　随着安装光伏太阳能的成本急剧下降，该技术正日益成为支持非并网应用的现实解决方案。国家可再生能源实验室（NREL）计算太阳能系统的安装成本在2010到略高于7美元/瓦，与Solarbuzz显示系统定价15.50美元每千瓦小时趋势。这是整个系统，包括太阳能电池，储能装置，以及充电器和逆变器的电力电子。

　　从便携式、公路建筑标志和闪光指示器到远程抽水站和通讯网络，非并网应用的机会似乎无穷无尽。价格的下降继续降低了进入市场的重大障碍，使得曾经严重成本高昂的项目成为现实。

　　我们将专注于电力电子系统和一些关键的机会和权衡时，要记住设计非并网太阳能系统。与解决大多数系统级问题一样，从最终应用程序需求开始，向后工作以识别、定义和调整整个系统通常是最容易的。

　　The load

　　The load could be virtually anything， but an off-grid application is off-grid fora reason. The application may need to be portable， as is the case with construction information signs orsimple hazard flashers. Given their portability， it is clearly not feasible to run a grid connection for each. Or perhaps the application is in a remotelocation， such as may be the case with a cellular communication tower or a remote pumping station.

　　Let us start by identifying some of the key items to consider when developing an off-grid， solar-powered solution. Figure 1 provides a high-level system block diagram. Using an energy-balance approach， the key is to understand the load， including its type and behavior over time.